Background/Purpose. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of gums that causes loss of supporting structures of teeth,\nthat is, gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Levels of various cytokines in the serum, gingival tissues,\nand gingival crevicular fluid in patients with chronic periodontitis have been studied, but limited data are available on the level of\ncytokines in saliva. Therefore, a study was designed to determine levels of salivary IL-6 and IL-17 in patients with calculus associated\nchronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods. It was a comparative, cross-sectional study that is comprised of 41 healthy controls\nand 41 calculus associated chronic periodontitis patients (CP patients). According to the degree of attachment loss, CP patients\nwere subcategorized as mild (CAL 1-2 mm), moderate (CAL 3-4 mm), and severe (CAL > 5 mm) forms of periodontitis. Salivary\nlevels of IL-6 and IL-17 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Data was analyzed using\nSPSS 20.0. Results. Between healthy controls and CP patients (moderate and severe disease), a statistically significant difference\nwas observed in the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-17. In CP patients, the highest mean �± SD of salivary IL-6 and IL-17 was\nobserved in severe CP, followed by moderate and mild CP. Regarding level of IL-6, a statistically significant difference was observed\nbetween mild and severe disease and between moderate and severe subcategories of CP patients. Similarly, statistically significant\ndifference was observed in the level of IL-17 between mild andmoderate, mild and severe disease, and moderate and severe disease.\nConclusion. The levels of salivary IL-6 and IL-17 were increased significantly in calculus associated CP patients as compared to\nhealthy controls and these levels increased with the progression of CP. Clinical Significance. Salivary levels of IL-6 and IL-17 may\nhelp in the subcategorization of CP.
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